YenzoWhat is E1000 (cholic acid)?
E1000 is cholic acid, INS number 1000 in the Codex INS list.
E1000Cholic acid
E1000 is cholic acid (INS 1000). It has no row in Appendix 1 of Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT.
- Code
- E1000 · INS 1000
- Group
- Emulsifier
In VietnamNot on Vietnam's list of permitted additivesNot on Vietnam's list of permitted additives (Circular 24/2019); it may be used only in a product whose declaration is registered with the Vietnam Food Administration
Risk level on the Yenzo Scalelow?Based on the Open Food Facts additives taxonomy
How E1000 appears on labels
IngredientsIllustrative example
Wheat flour, vegetable oil, salt, sugar, emulsifier (1000), dried onion and garlic, pepper, natural colour (160a).
emulsifier (1000)emulsifier 1000E1000INS 1000
Questions about cholic acid
Is cholic acid harmful?
The JECFA database (the FAO/WHO expert committee) records an ADI of 0–1.25 mg/kg body weight for cholic acid, evaluated in 1973.
Is E1000 permitted in Vietnam?
It was not found. Appendix 1 of Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT (consolidated text 09/VBHN-BYT), the list of additives permitted in food, has no row with INS 1000, and neither does Appendix 2B.
Other emulsifiers
E902Candelilla waxvery lowE965Maltitolvery lowE966Lactitolvery lowE967Xylitolvery lowE999Quillaia extractlowE1001Choline salts and estersvery low
See all emulsifiers →Updated 21 October 2026
Sources (3)
- Open Food Facts additives taxonomy (Yenzo's table cites no EFSA opinion for this code). Open Food Facts additives taxonomy, https://github.com/openfoodfacts/openfoodfacts-server/blob/main/taxonomies/additives.txt (entry en:e1000)
- Thông tư 24/2019/TT-BYT (văn bản hợp nhất 09/VBHN-BYT), Phụ lục 1
- JECFA (FAO/WHO) evaluation database: Cholic acid, INS 1000