E999Quillaia extract

E999 is quillaia extract (INS 999). In Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT it is listed in Appendix 1 with the functions: emulsifier, foaming agent.

Code: E999 · INS 999
Group: Emulsifier, Foaming agent

In Vietnam✓ PermittedOn the list of permitted additives — Circular 24/2019, Appendix 1

Risk level on the Yenzo Scalelow?Based on the Open Food Facts additives taxonomy

How E999 appears on labels

IngredientsIllustrative example

Wheat flour, vegetable oil, salt, sugar, emulsifier (999), dried onion and garlic, pepper, natural colour (160a).

emulsifier (999)emulsifier 999E999INS 999

INS sub-codes

INS 999(i)Quillaia extract type 1

INS 999(ii)Quillaia extract type 2

Sources: Codex CXG 36-1989, Class Names and the International Numbering System (INS)

Quillaia extract in food

Flavoured drinks

Questions about quillaia extract

What is E999 (quillaia extract)?

E999 is quillaia extract. In Appendix 1 of Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT the functions listed for it are emulsifier, foaming agent.

Is quillaia extract harmful?

In 2019 EFSA derived an ADI of 3 mg saponins/kg body weight per day for quillaia extract (E 999). None of the exposure estimates for the different population groups of the refined brand-loyal scenario exceeded this ADI.

Is E999 permitted in Vietnam?

Yes. Quillaia extract (INS 999(i), 999(ii)) is listed in Appendix 1 of Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT, the list of additives permitted in food.

Other emulsifiers

E902Candelilla waxvery low E965Maltitolvery low E966Lactitolvery low E967Xylitolvery low E1000Cholic acidlow E1001Choline salts and estersvery low

See all emulsifiers →

Updated 21 October 2026

How Yenzo scores

Sources (3)

Open Food Facts additives taxonomy (Yenzo's table cites no EFSA opinion for this code). Open Food Facts additives taxonomy, https://github.com/openfoodfacts/openfoodfacts-server/blob/main/taxonomies/additives.txt (entry en:e999)
Thông tư 24/2019/TT-BYT (văn bản hợp nhất 09/VBHN-BYT), Phụ lục 2A: nhóm thực phẩm được phép dùng INS 999
EFSA Journal (2019). Re-evaluation of Quillaia extract (E 999) as a food additive and safety of the proposed extension of use

Information only, not medical advice. The risk level is the additive's class in Yenzo's open scoring method, based on the cited source.