YenzoWhat is E312 (dodecyl gallate)?
It is dodecyl gallate, the dodecyl ester of gallic acid. In the INS system, code 312 belongs to the antioxidants. Dodecyl gallate is not on the permitted list of Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT.
E312Dodecyl gallate
E312 is dodecyl gallate, the dodecyl ester of gallic acid. In the INS system it is classed as an antioxidant, but dodecyl gallate is not on the permitted-additive list of Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT.
- Code
- E312 · INS 312
- Group
- Antioxidant
In Vietnam✕ Not permitted in VietnamNot on Vietnam's list of permitted additives (Circular 24/2019); it may be used only in a product whose declaration is registered with the Vietnam Food Administration
Risk level on the Yenzo Scalehigh?Because it is not permitted in Vietnam; by the scientific evaluations alone: moderate
How E312 appears on labels
IngredientsIllustrative example
Wheat flour, vegetable oil, salt, sugar, antioxidant (312), dried onion and garlic, pepper, natural colour (160a).
antioxidant (312)antioxidant 312E312INS 312
Questions about dodecyl gallate
Is dodecyl gallate harmful?
In 2015 EFSA re-evaluated dodecyl gallate (E312) and concluded that the available database was too limited either to establish an ADI or to serve as the basis for a margin of safety approach with confidence. EFSA concluded that a safety concern was unlikely from the single use for which usage and analytical data were provided, but that an adequate assessment would require a sufficient database.
Is INS 312 permitted in Vietnam?
No. Dodecyl gallate (INS 312) is not listed in Appendix 1 of Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT (consolidated text 09/VBHN-BYT), the list of additives permitted in food, nor in Appendix 2B.
Other antioxidants
E308Gamma-tocopherolvery lowE309Delta-tocopherolvery lowE310Propyl gallatelowE311Octyl gallatehighE315Erythorbic acidvery lowE316Sodium erythorbatevery low
See all antioxidants →Updated 21 October 2026
Sources (3)
- Regulator's decision. Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 on food additives, Annex II (Union list of food additives approved for use in foods), https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2008/1333/oj: removed by Regulation (EU) 2018/1481 for lack of toxicological data.
- Thông tư 24/2019/TT-BYT (văn bản hợp nhất 09/VBHN-BYT), Phụ lục 1
- EFSA Journal (2015). Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of dodecyl gallate (E 312) as a food additive