E351 is potassium malate, the potassium salt of malic acid, covering potassium hydrogen malate (351(i)) and potassium malate (351(ii)). In food it is used as an acidity regulator.
Wheat flour, vegetable oil, salt, sugar, acidity regulator (351), dried onion and garlic, pepper, natural colour (160a).
Sources: Codex CXG 36-1989, Class Names and the International Numbering System (INS)
The JECFA database (the FAO/WHO expert committee) records an evaluation from 1982: an ADI of “not specified” (no numerical ADI is needed) for potassium hydrogen DL-malate, included in the group ADI for DL-malic acid and its sodium, potassium and calcium salts.
Potassium malate (INS 351) is not listed in Appendix 1 of Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT, the list of additives permitted in food, nor in Appendix 2B.
Updated 23 October 2026
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