YenzoWhat is E414 (acacia gum)?
Appendix 1 of Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT lists gum arabic (INS 414) with the functions thickener, bulking agent, emulsifier, carrier, glazing agent and stabilizer.
E414Acacia gum (gum arabic)
E414 is gum arabic, also called acacia gum. Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT lists it as a thickener, bulking agent, emulsifier, carrier, glazing agent and stabilizer.
Did you know? Acacia gum is a dried exudation obtained from the stems and branches of natural strains of Acacia senegal or closely related Acacia species (legume family).
- Code
- E414 · INS 414
- Group
- Thickener, Stabilizer, Emulsifier, Glazing agent
In Vietnam✓ PermittedOn the list of permitted additives — Circular 24/2019, Appendix 1
Risk level on the Yenzo Scalelow?Based on the Open Food Facts additives taxonomy
How E414 appears on labels
IngredientsIllustrative example
Wheat flour, vegetable oil, salt, sugar, thickener (414), dried onion and garlic, pepper, natural colour (160a).
thickener (414)thickener 414E414INS 414On Vietnamese labels: Gôm arabic
Acacia gum in food
Foods for infants and young children
Unflavoured fermented milk productsBreakfast cereals
ConfectioneryFlavoured drinksCoffee, tea, herbal infusionsFine bakery waresQuestions about acacia gum
Is acacia gum harmful?
In 2017, re-evaluating acacia gum (E 414), EFSA concluded that there is no need for a numerical ADI and no safety concern for the general population at the refined exposure assessment. In adults a daily intake of up to 30,000 mg per person for up to 18 days was well tolerated; some individuals experienced flatulence, which EFSA considered an undesirable but not an adverse effect.
Is gum arabic (acacia gum) permitted in Vietnam?
Yes. Gum arabic (INS 414) is listed in Appendix 1 of Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT, the list of additives permitted in food.
Can children and pregnant women have E414?
In 2019 EFSA assessed acacia gum (E 414) as carry-over in infant formulae (category 13.1.1) and in foods for special medical purposes (category 13.1.5.1) for infants below 16 weeks of age. The business operators did not submit data specific to this age group; EFSA compared the highest doses without adverse effects in the available subchronic studies with the estimated exposure in infants. The margins of safety were large, indicating no reason for health concern. If you have a particular health condition, ask a doctor.
Other thickeners
E410Locust bean gumlowE412Guar gumlowE413TragacanthlowE415Xanthan gumlowE416Karaya gumlowE417Tara gumlow
See all thickeners →Found in these products
Khoai tây chiên Lay's Wavy vị phô mai cheddar (cheddar cheese)Lay's · snacks
Kẹo gum Lotte Xylitol không đường hương trái cây hỗn hợp (sugar-free mixed fruit gum)Lotte · sweets and candy
Nước uống Revive chanh muối (salted lemon)Revive · soft drinks and flavoured drinks
Kẹo mềm Sugus hương trái cây (fruit chews)Sugus · sweets and candyUpdated 21 October 2026
Sources (4)
- Open Food Facts additives taxonomy (Yenzo's table cites no EFSA opinion for this code). Open Food Facts additives taxonomy, https://github.com/openfoodfacts/openfoodfacts-server/blob/main/taxonomies/additives.txt (entry en:e414)
- Thông tư 24/2019/TT-BYT (văn bản hợp nhất 09/VBHN-BYT), Phụ lục 1
- EFSA Journal (2017). Re-evaluation of acacia gum (E 414) as a food additive
- EFSA Journal (2019). Opinion on the re-evaluation of acacia gum (E 414) as a food additive in foods for infants below 16 weeks of age and the follow-up of its re-evaluation as a food additive for uses in foods for all population groups