YenzoWhat is E445 (glycerol esters of wood rosin)?
E445 stands for glycerol esters of wood rosin. Appendix 1 of Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT lists these functions: emulsifier, stabilizer.
E445Glycerol esters of wood rosins
E445 stands for glycerol esters of wood rosin. Appendix 1 of Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT lists these functions: emulsifier, stabilizer.
Did you know? Glycerol esters of wood rosin are a complex mixture of tri- and diglycerol esters of resin acids from wood rosin, obtained by solvent extraction of aged pine stumps. The definition excludes substances from gum rosin and from tall oil rosin, a by-product of kraft pulp processing.
- Code
- E445 · INS 445
- Group
- Emulsifier, Stabilizer
In Vietnam✓ PermittedOn the list of permitted additives — Circular 24/2019, Appendix 1
Risk level on the Yenzo Scalelow?Based on the Open Food Facts additives taxonomy
How E445 appears on labels
IngredientsIllustrative example
Wheat flour, vegetable oil, salt, sugar, emulsifier (445), dried onion and garlic, pepper, natural colour (160a).
emulsifier (445)emulsifier 445E445INS 445On Vietnamese labels: Glycerol ester của nhựa cây
INS sub-codes
INS 445(iii)Glycerol esters of wood rosins
Sources: Codex CXG 36-1989, Class Names and the International Numbering System (INS)
Glycerol esters of wood rosins in food
Unprocessed fruit and vegetables
Flavoured drinksQuestions about glycerol esters of wood rosins
Is GEWR harmful?
In 2023 EFSA established an ADI of 10 mg/kg body weight per day for glycerol esters of wood rosin (GEWR, E 445), replacing the 12.5 mg/kg set by the SCF in 1994 and considered temporary by EFSA in 2018. The ADI applies only to E 445 made from Pinus palustris and Pinus elliottii. EFSA concluded there was no safety concern at either the maximum permitted levels or the reported uses and use levels.
Is INS 445 permitted in Vietnam?
Yes. INS 445(iii) (glycerol esters of wood rosin) is listed in Appendix 1 of Circular 24/2019/TT-BYT, the list of additives permitted in food.
Other emulsifiers
E436Polysorbate 65lowE440Pectinsvery lowE442Ammonium phosphatideslowE444Sucrose acetate isobutyratelowE450DiphosphateslowE452Polyphosphateslow
See all emulsifiers →Updated 21 October 2026
Sources (4)
- Open Food Facts additives taxonomy (Yenzo's table cites no EFSA opinion for this code). Open Food Facts additives taxonomy, https://github.com/openfoodfacts/openfoodfacts-server/blob/main/taxonomies/additives.txt (entry en:e445)
- Thông tư 24/2019/TT-BYT (văn bản hợp nhất 09/VBHN-BYT), Phụ lục 1
- EFSA Journal (2018). Re-evaluation of glycerol esters of wood rosin (E 445) as a food additive
- EFSA Journal (2023). Follow-up of the re-evaluation of glycerol esters of wood rosins (E 445) as a food additive